ISB&M Journal of Business Issues & Research

In today's business world Human Resource Management (HRM) is an important tool in making the business successful, sustainable and growing. Employees are a crucial asset of any organisation as they shape the performance of the organisation through their knowledge, skills, creativity and commitment. HR is no longer just about recruiting, payroll, attendance, employee records, etc; it's about talent management, employee engagement, performance enhancement, leadership development, organization culture and workforce planning. In this article, the author reviews the importance of HRM and its role in the organization's effectiveness. It examines the key areas of HR functions human resource planning, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance management, compensation and benefits, employee relations, career management, and employee well-being. The article also points to technology, HR analytics, diversity & inclusion, employee motivation and strategic workforce management as emerging areas of increased significance. It also reviews current HR issues including changing skill needs, employee attrition, stress in the workplace, remote and hybrid working, organizational change and ethical issues. With proper HR practices, employees are more satisfied, productive, engaged, innovative and committed to the organization, which helps organizations achieve their goals. The article ends by pointing out that HRM is seen as a strategic business activity which generates value through the matching of employee capabilities with organizational goals. Businesses that focus on the growth and development of their employees and foster work cultures that are inclusive, supportive, and development-focused are set to gain a competitive edge in a dynamic business landscape.

Nowadays, growing awareness of ESG reporting, challenges like changing legal framework or lack of standardisation, a diversity of corporate structure and worldwide rising curiosity in sustainability, aforesaid practices are important especially in Indian context. The aim of the present study is to critically examine the practices “Green washing”, “Green wishing,” and “Green hushing” in Indian context and find their implications for corporate transparency also and sustainable development. This trend has also been prejudiced by the varying regulatory environment and increasing stakeholder activism. To reduce reputational risks, businesses may use a careful communication approach, which would reduce the transparency of sustainability reporting. Even though the commitment seems open-minded and in line with global climate expectations, the lack of specific execution strategies is revealing of greenwishing. For stakeholders and investors who depend on ESG disclosures to make decisions, this results in an information gap. Regulating authorities have moderate impact on stakeholder trust, corporate performance, reputational loss and can reduce the negative impact of greenwishing, greenwashing and greenhushing by improving disclosure practices. We can conclude that how sustainability communicating practices influence corporate outcomes at the same time how regulating authorities can help to promote transparent performance of sustainability.

This study explores the connection between adoption of FinTech in the Indian Stock Markets and the efficiency of these markets using secondary data from the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) for the period 2010-2025. It uses an event study approach and GARCH-MIDAS modelling to capture the reactions of the market in response to key policy announcements and digital payment adoption milestones from the FinTech industry. The findings show that there is a considerable positive abnormal return after the policy announcement of FinTech for all market capitalizations and sectors, but with varying impacts. The study builds on the existing body of literature regarding the relationship between FinTech and Financial Markets in Emerging Economies and provides empirical evidence of the impact of technological innovations on the efficiency of the financial market and investors' decision making in such markets in the Indian context.